State agricultural overview

Massachusetts crop calendar.

Zone 6a
Range 5b to 7a
165-day season
Last frost May 1
First frost October 10

17 primary crops with planting windows for Massachusetts. Calendar timing is anchored to 6a dominant hardiness zone and a 165-day growing season — verify against UMass Extension for variety- and county-specific guidance.

Row Crop · Massachusetts

Corn
primary
Spring: May 1 – May 22
Grain Sorghum
primary
Spring: May 22 – June 19
Soybeans
primary
Spring: May 15 – June 5
Sunflowers
primary
Spring: May 8 – June 5
Winter Wheat
primary
Fall: October 3 – October 24
Cotton
limited
Spring: May 15 – June 5

Vegetables · Massachusetts

Cucumbers
primary
Spring: May 15 – June 19
Peppers
primary
Spring: May 22 – June 12
Potatoes
primary
Spring: April 17 – May 8
Fall: July 27 – August 11
Pumpkins
primary
Spring: May 22 – June 19
Sweet Corn
primary
Spring: May 1 – June 5
Tomatoes
primary
Spring: May 15 – June 5

Forages · Massachusetts

Alfalfa
primary
Spring: April 24 – May 22
Fall: August 11 – August 26
Clover
primary
Spring: April 10 – May 8
Fall: August 11 – August 26

Cover Crops · Massachusetts

Brassicas
primary
Fall: July 27 – August 11
Buckwheat
primary
Spring: June 26 – July 24
Cereal Oats
primary
Spring: April 24 – May 22
Fall: August 11 – August 26
Winter Rye
primary
Fall: October 3 – October 24

Frost & extension reference

Massachusetts climate anchors.

Last frost

May 1

First frost

October 10

Growing season

165 days

Hardiness zone

Massachusetts county-level frost dates →UMass Extension →

Massachusetts planting timing. Live alerts.

Bield: Farm ties weather and soil-temperature stations in your county to crop planting thresholds — get notified the day soil temp clears your target window.

Start free trial →

← All crop calendars