State × crop calendar

Alfalfa planting in Texas.

  • Secondary crop
  • Zone 8b
  • 245-day season
  • Last frost March 15
  • Forage
  • Frost Hardy

Alfalfa planting in Texas is shaped by the state's 8b dominant hardiness zone, last frost date around March 15, and a 245-day growing season. Alfalfa is grown in Texas but is not a dominant crop — works for home gardens, food plots, and some commercial production.

Planting dates on this page are climatological estimates from USDA frost-date norms and zone-typical planting offsets. Verify against Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service for variety- and county-specific guidance.

Planting calendar — 2026

Frost-anchored windows.

Alfalfa · Texas · planting calendar

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDeclast frostfirst frostSPRING PLANTINGFALL PLANTING
Ideal windowEarliest / latest tailsFrost zone

Planting windows shift earlier in southern parts of the state and later in northern parts. Use last frost date in your specific county as the reference.

Planting windows

Earliest → ideal → latest.

Spring planting

Alfalfa

Earliest

February 23

Ideal start

March 8

Ideal end

April 5

Latest

April 26

Soil-temp trigger

Spring seeding: cool-season germination at 45°F+. Fall seeding: 60-90 days before first hard freeze for establishment.

Fall planting

Alfalfa

Earliest

September 1

Ideal start

September 16

Ideal end

October 1

Latest

October 16

Soil-temp trigger

Spring seeding: cool-season germination at 45°F+. Fall seeding: 60-90 days before first hard freeze for establishment.

Harvest window

Typical start

May 7

Typical end

June 6

Harvest timing varies with planting date and seasonal weather — these dates are typical for the ideal planting window.

Growing notes

Alfalfa can be successfully grown in Texas with attention to variety selection. The state's 245-day growing season requires choosing varieties appropriate for the growing window.

Alfalfa is grown in Texas but is not a dominant crop — works for home gardens, food plots, and some commercial production.

Agronomy reference

Alfalfa fundamentals.

Soil-temp minimum

45°F

Soil-temp optimum

50–75°F

Days to maturity

60–90

Water (in/wk)

0.7–1"

Soil pH

6.5–7.5

Nitrogen demand

low

Establishment year produces limited harvest. Stand life 4-6 years with proper management. Spring vs. fall seeding strategy varies by region.

Common pests to watch

  • Alfalfa weevil
  • Potato leafhopper
  • Aphids

Pest pressure varies by region and year. Confirm current outbreaks with Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service.

Common diseases

  • Sclerotinia crown rot
  • Verticillium wilt
  • Phytophthora root rot

Resistance varieties shift each year. Check the current variety trial report for your state.

Variety selection

Alfalfa varieties for Texas live with your extension.

Variety selection

Variety performance is micro-regional and changes with each year's trial cycle. We don't republish variety lists — instead, we point directly at the source.

Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service

Search the extension site for “alfalfa variety trial” or “recommended alfalfa varieties” to find the current report.

Yield varies significantly by variety, soil, fertility, and management. Consult your state extension service for variety performance trials in your region.

Alfalfa timing. Live alerts.

Bield: Farm ties weather and soil-temperature stations in your county to crop planting thresholds — get notified the day soil temp clears your target window.

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